Dementia charities emphasize the importance of maintaining a healthy weight to promote brain health. However, some studies suggest that obesity may actually have a protective effect against dementia. Despite this, dementia rates are declining in Western countries while obesity rates continue to rise. One of the challenges in understanding the relationship between obesity and dementia is the lack of clear cause-and-effect evidence. Recent research has suggested that lower childhood intelligence may be a factor that influences both obesity and cognitive decline in middle-aged adults. In conclusion, further research is needed to unravel the complexities of this connection.